Waxkabaro Dhaqaalaha(Economics)

-Ilaah baa Mahadleh Naxariir iyo nabadgalyo Nabi maxamed Korkiisa ha ahto-

waxaan halkaan kusoo bandhigi doona qoraalo kookoban kuwaas oo macno weyn kabixin doona Madada Dhaqalaha(Economic subject).
Qoraladaas oo ay ka faidaysan donaan guud ahaan Qofki akhrista,ama jecel in u wax ka ogaado Economics iyo gaar ahaanba ardeyda jecel in ay bartaan Dhaqalaha.
casharadaas oo aan kusoo aruurinay in uu qof walba figrad fiican ka heysan doono Dhaqalaha.

Waxeynu ognahey in Cilmigu ama aqoontu ay tahey Warbixin aad hesho(Information).
Hadaba hadii aad fursad u hesho aad ku akhrisato fadlan gaarsi walaalka kaleeto si uu isna uga faa’idaysto.

Inta aan uguda galin, waxaan qofkasta kadonayaa in uu isoo gudbiyo figrada lasoo gudbonata markuu akhiristo qoraalkan,adigoo isoo diri kara waraaq(Electronic-Mail).

Hordhac

Dunida maanta lajoogo Dhaqaalahu(Economic) wuxuu kanoqday wax dhamaan bushada kunool Aduunka in ay noqdaan dhaqaalyahano(Economic minded).
Gaar ahaan dadka ku nool dunida sedexaad waxey ogadeen in Barashada dhaqaluhu(Economics) uu usahlo xalinta dhibatadooda dhaqaale iyo tooda bulshadaba.

Sidaa darted madada Dhaqaaluhu, manta waxey noqotey mid aan lasoo koobi Karin faidooyinkeeda.
Hadaba waxaa muhiim ah in aan halkaan kuxusno Madadaas, inagoo sheegi doonta , Asal ahaan erayga economic meesha uu ka yimid, sidii uu ubaxey,Herarka uu soo marey, Qeybaha uu ukala baxo ama loo qeybiyo inaga oo adeegsaneyna habka ugu hufsan una egayna in aan soo koobno qoraalkeena.

Ecomomic waa maado labarto madadaaso dad badani ku tilmamaan(King Subject-madadii boqortooyada). 
Professor Naiz Ahmed isagoo tusale ka bixinaya ayuu yiri Madaxweynaha wadankan(Pakistan) Genenal Barfeez Musharaf ayaa markii uu xukunka qabanaayey yiri “waan garanayaa aqoon badan inkastoo aan garaneyn Economics waxaana khasab ah in aan barto Dhaqalaha”(isagoo manta sifiican ubartey) taasi waxey ku tusinaysaa in aysan aheen maado raqiis ah

madadaani wa maado wax walba ka turjumaysa una sahleysa Hogaaka wadanka haya in uu sifiican Uhago Wadankaas hadii uu yaqaan Ecomonomics.

Meaning Of Economic 
*Erayga Economic waxaa ladhahaa markiisi hore wuxuu ka yimid , dadkii Creekga oo ay oran jirayn Oikonomes.
sida aynuba ognahey dadka Greekgu waa dadki laga soo garey waxyaabo badan oo hadii aad baarto aad ogaaneyso.

Hadaba waxaa iswaydiin mudan maxey iyagu u isticmaali jireen?
-waxay u isticmali jireen maamulka guriga(Management of house Affaris).
hada suasha taal waxa weeye see buu ku noqdey Economics madaama uu ahaa(Oikonomos)?

Markii ay bilaabmeen kacaanki warshadaha Dowlada Britishku 1770, waxaa suurta gashey in ay warshado badan bilaabman, hada waxaa la ogyahey hadi ay wax soo kordhaan in ay wax layimadaan.
Kacaankaas ayaa waxaa bilaabmay dhibato xaga dhaqalaha ah(economic Problem). Dhibatadaas oo saameysay shaqo la’an(Un-empleyment),Gadiidka(transport) etc.

Kadib waxey noqotey in in loo baahdo sidii loo darsi lahaa dhibatooyinkaas. Si marka loo darso dhibatooyinkaas soo foodsarey Dalka Engiriiska ayey noqotey in lagu xaliyo Magaca(Economic). Sidaas buuna ku noqdey Economic.

Waxaana magaca Economic bixiyey oo awal loo aqoon jiray Oikonomos ku turjumay luqada uu hada yahey(Economics) Adan-Smith .
Waxaana Adan smith noqdey abihii dhaqaalaha(father of Economic).|
1776 ayuu book qorey Adan-Smith wuxuuna ubixiyey”Wealth Nation”. Wuxuna ku qeexay “Economic is a science of Wealth”.

Hadaba hadii aynu usii kuda galno Qexitaankas. Waxey natusinaysaa erayga “Wealth” oo ah Hanti kana koobma aferqeybood oo kala ah:
1.Wax soo saar(Production) 
2.Iswaydaarsi(Exchange)
3.Qaybin(Distribution)
4.Isticmaal(Consumption)

Hantidu( Wealth) maxey Tahey?
Hantidu(Wealth) waa badeecada(Goods) iyo Adeega(service ka).marka qexidaasi waxey u dhaceysaa Dhaqaaluhu in uu yahey Badeecad iyo Adeeg gediskoodu(transaction) koodu yahey Lacag.

**Hada waxeynu ogaaney meesha uu ka yimid,sida uu ubaxey iyo qofkii bixiyey magaca (Economics). Hadaba heerarka uu soo marey iyo inta uu ukala baxo inaga oo soo kobeyna maxaa yelay halkaan kuma soo koobi karno Madadaan.**

Ka dib markii horomirin lagu sameeyey lana Balaariyey wuxu noqdey(Political Economy). Eraygaas oo manta kahadla ama loo isticmaalo waxyaabo badan oo ah Dhaqalaha Wadan u leeyahey.

Hadaba intee qeyboob baa loo qeybiya ?
waxaa jira laba qeybood oo kala ah:
1.Theoritical Economics
2.Applied Economics.
Hadii aynu ku horeeno Qeybta kowaad 
1.Theoritical Economic:
Guud ahaan dhaqalu waa Sceince kaas oo darsa waxqabadka dhaqaalaha dadka oo ku wajahan nolasha Bulsada. 
Hadaba qeybtaan waxey nasiisa Tools aynu u isticmaalno in aan ku lafagurno Dhibatada dhaqalaha soofood saarta Dadka.

Waxeyna u qeyb santaa labo qeybood oo kala ah:
1.Micno-Economic
2.Macro-Ecnomic
Micro-Economic
Micro waxeynu ogsoonahey in ay tahey waxyar, sidaa darted Micro-Economic waxaa loo isticmalaa in lagu wajaho waxyaabaha yar yar ee dhaqaaluhu leeyahey sida dalabka ay leedahey badeecadi(Demand product) sidoo kaleeto markii shey ama badeecad laqimeynayo waxeyna uqeybsantaa aftar waxyaalood ay hantidu(Wealh) leedahey sida:
1.Wax soo saar(Production) 
2.Iswaydaarsi(Exchange)
3.Qaybin(Distribution)
4.Isticmaal(Consumption)

Macro-Economic
Macro waxey ka timid arey Greek ah oo la oran jiray “Makros” kaas oo macnihiisu yahey baaxad ama weynaan “Large”. Sidaa darted Macro-Economics waxaan kubaranaa Qeybaha waa weyn ee dhaqaalaha. Taasoo natusunaysaa tusala’ahaan (Example)in taan gaar ahaan Ardey(Student) ka hadli laheen in aan kahadalno Dhamaan waxa dhigta Fasal.
hadaba qeybtaan waxaa hormariyey J.M Keynes. 
Waxeynu ku baranaa qeybtaan wax yaabo badan oo dowlada laxirrira sida:

1 dakhliga ay dowladi leydahey ama(National Income),
2.Ganacsiga Kharajka ama Dibada(Forieng Trade),
3.Qimaha sarifka lacagaha(Exchange rate determination),
4.Dhaqaalaha guud ee bulshada (Public Finance) 
5.in loo dhuun daloola wax yalaha keena shaqo la’anta(Un-employment). 
6.Koritaanka iyo hormarka(Growth and Development).
waxaan filayaa

2.Applied Economic
Qeybtaan waxaan ku barana in aan ku wajahno wixii aan kusoo baraney qeybti hore oo aheed Aragti ama figrad maskaxeed oo la abuuray(Theoritical Economic). 
Inagoo kusameynayna xalada xaqiiqda dhaqaalaha uu wadan leeyahey.
inagoo shaqadii qabeynaya ayaan ku wajaheyna(Appley). Tusaale ahaan ,adigoo raba in aad ogaato shaqa lahaanta wadanka ka jirta ama aad ogaato koritaanka iyo hormarka Somalia ayaad wajaheysaa Qebtaan(Applied Economic).

Waxaad kaloo ku wajihi kartaa (Monetary and fiscal policies of the country)

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Deeq Mohamed Ali

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